	2010학년도 공군사관학교 1차 선발시험 문제지
제 2 교시 외 국 어 영 역
공 통															1
			성명			수험번호
◦먼저 문제지에 성명과 수험번호를 기입하시오. ◦답안지에 성명과 수험번호를 정확하게 표기하시오. ◦문항에 따라 배점이 다르니, 각 물음의 끝에 표시된 배점을 참고하시오. 3점에만 점수가 표시되어 있고, 나머지는 모두 2점씩 입니다.

공 통		외 국 어 영 역

			외 국 어 영 역		공 통

1. 다음 두 사람이 대화하고 있는 장소로 가장 적절한 곳은?

Mrs. Brown Mr. Brown Mrs. Brown Mr. Brown Mrs. Brown Mr. Brown Mrs. Brown	: : : : : : :	Honey, where is that noise coming from? It’s pretty loud! What noise? That noise, that squeaking noise. Can you hear it? Wait. Yes, I can. Oh, no. I think it’s the suspension! The suspension? I thought you got it inspected a couple of weeks ago and everything was all right. That’s right. I did. But something may have happened when I drove over a tree branch a minute ago while you were sleeping. Honey, let’s pull over to the shoulder and take a look.

① in a car	② on a sidewalk	③ in a house	④ in a garage	⑤ in a hospital

2. 다음 두 사람의 대화 내용과 일치하는 것은?

Simon Phoebe Simon Phoebe Simon Phoebe Simon Phoebe	: : : : : : : :	Have you been to the new shopping mall that just opened last month? No, but I heard that the bookstore there is one of a kind. Apparently it’s the biggest in the country. Have you been there? Not yet. By the way, did you know Chris is working there part-time? Really? I haven’t seen him in a while. Wait, why don’t we go see him this week? I need to buy some books anyway. Sounds good! When do you want to go? Hold on, let me check my schedule... Today is Tuesday. Tomorrow and the day after, I’ve got evening classes. So how about Friday? Friday sounds good. Let’s have dinner at the mall as well. Okay. I’ll see you on Friday.

① The new shopping mall will open next month.

② Chris is a full-time employee at the new bookstore.

③ Phoebe will go to the new bookstore with Chris.

④ Phoebe has evening classes on Wednesday and Thursday.

⑤ Phoebe and Simon will have dinner before they go to the mall.

[3～4] 빈칸 (A), (B), (C)에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것을 <보기>에서 고르시오.

3.

Minhee Sangho Minhee Sangho Minhee SanghoMinhee Sangho	: : : : : : : :	This year’s election at school is going to be close. I have no idea who’s going to win. Have you decided who you’re going to vote for? Not yet. I’ll decide after (A) . I want to listen to their election promises and see who’s better. Well, I don’t know. Judging from my past election experiences, candidates rarely keep their promises. I agree. But, I think (B) . What makes you think so? I personally know both of these candidates, and they usually stick to their promises. I’m not expecting much, but (C) .

<보 기>

a. I hope you’re right

b. this year’s candidates are going to be different

c. the candidates give their speeches

(A) (B) (C)	(A) (B) (C)
① a ― c ― b	② b ― a ― c
③ b ― c ― a	④ c ― a ― b
⑤ c ― b ― a

4.

Waitress Woman Waitress Woman Waitress	: : : : :	Excuse me, is there a problem, ma’am? Is your food all right? Look at this. There’s a hair in my spaghetti. It’s so disgusting! Really? (A) . Such a thing has never happened here before! Let me take your plate and replace it with another plate of fresh spaghetti. Well, I don’t think I want to eat here now. (B) . (C) . Let me bring you a bottle of wine and some dessert on the house.

<보 기>

a. That’s odd

b. I wish you’d consider staying, ma’am

c. I’d rather go somewhere else, instead

(A) (B) (C)	(A) (B) (C)
① a ― b ― c	② a ― c ― b
③ b ― a ― c	④ c ― a ― b
⑤ c ― b ― a

[5～6] 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오.

5. [3점]

[Telephone rings.]

Wong Ingram Wong Ingram Wong Ingram Wong Ingram Wong	: : : : : : : : :	Police Department. Sergeant Wong speaking. Hello. My name is Ingram Jones, 4512 Eisenhower Boulevard, Apartment 18-J. I think my bicycle’s been stolen! It’s gone! Okay. Please calm down. Could you give me a description of the missing bicycle? Well, it’s a red and black Schwinn ― a racing bike, and it has a yellow horn and a dent in the handlebars. Okay. Does it have a registration number? Yes. It’s LPA-6100895. Hold on just a minute. I’ll check the database... (pause) Hello? Mr. Jones, your bicycle wasn’t stolen. It was removed from the street in front of your apartment for illegal parking. Oh, really? I’ve been parking it there for over a month.

① Oh, when you find my bicycle, please let me know.

② But the bad news is we couldn’t find out who stole it.

③ Well, you can’t lock your bicycle to a fire hydrant, sir.

④ I know. That’s why you need to give me a description.

⑤ Um... You should’ve registered your bike before you rode it.

6.

Mr. James Youngmi Mr. James Youngmi Mr. James Youngmi Mr. James Youngmi	: : : : : : : :	Youngmi! I heard that you passed the entrance exam to the Air Force Academy. Congratulations! Thank you, Mr. James. I can’t believe I made it because I thought the competition would be pretty tough. Don’t be so modest. As far as I know, you’re the smartest and strongest student in our school. You deserve it! Well, my father is a retired Army colonel, and he helped me a lot during my preparation for the exam. Really? No wonder you passed. May I ask why you applied for the Air Force Academy? Well, being a pilot has been my dream ever since I was in elementary school. So I hope I will be able to pilot a fighter jet. Wow, imagine yourself in a fighter jet. That’s pretty amazing!

① Maybe I should join the Army, instead.

② Yes. I really enjoyed flying a fighter jet.

③ Yes, it really is. I dream about it every day.

④ Yes. I wished that my father had helped me.

⑤ I should’ve studied harder to pass the exam.

7. 밑줄 친 He[he]가 가리키는 대상이 나머지 넷과 다른 것은?

One company president decided that the employees in his plant were starved for color. ① He had the ground seeded with grass. When it began growing lushly, ② he had flower boxes planted with geraniums and placed on the grass. ‘That should be the finishing touch,’ ③ he thought with satisfaction. The very next day, his workers went on strike. The representative of the workers rushed to him. When asked why they refused to work, ④ he answered, “We can’t tolerate the grass and geraniums!” The poor president was surprised. ‘How ungrateful can workers be?’ he wondered. What ⑤ he had not thought of, or bothered to find out, was that the workers had been accustomed to sitting out in the yard to have their breaks as well as lunch. They got furious when they found a sign telling them to keep off the grass.

8. 다음 글을 쓴 목적으로 가장 적절한 것은?

We are so pleased to hear that you will be returning to Mansfield for a visit in June. We are also glad to hear that your parents are happy with their decision to move to Charleston, North Carolina. I wish to offer you whatever assistance we may while you are here organizing the final details of selling their Mansfield house. As always, you are more than welcome to stay here, at our home, with us during your visit. We have plenty of room and would enjoy your company. Don’t worry. Remember the old saying: “Our House is Your House,” and let me reassure you that we would love to host visits from all of your friends and acquaintances here in Mansfield. Really, we’d just love to have you here. I will keep my fingers crossed and hope that you haven’t already made other plans.

① 자신의 집에 머물 것을 권유하려고	② 고향 동창회 모임을 공지하려고

③ 주택 매매 사실을 알려 주려고	④ 옛 친구들의 소식을 전하려고

⑤ 자신의 집들이에 초대하려고

9. 다음 글에서 전체 흐름과 관계 없는 문장은? [3점]

Popular nursery rhymes have their origins in European history and often refer to military victories and defeats. For example, the rhyme “Rain, Rain, Go Away” is about the defeat of the Spanish Armada at the hands of the British in 1588. ① At that time, the Spanish sent a fleet of one hundred and thirty ships carrying over twenty thousand sailors to crush the British Navy. ② The latter was comprised of only thirty-four small naval boats and a ragtag collection of armed merchant ships, but stormy weather came to the aid of the British. ③ The wind and rain made it tough for the heavier and slower Spanish warships to maneuver, and they became separated in the storm and thus were easily picked off one by one by the more nimble British warships. ④ The failure to win the battle triggered the British government to build more powerful warships that could help it win naval battles. ⑤ The Spanish Fleet lost half of its soldiers and over one hundred ships, and a nursery rhyme was born.

[10～11] (A), (B), (C)의 각 네모 안에서 어법에 맞는 표현으로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오.

10. Yi Sun-sin became a military officer in 1576. The Korean military at the time, similar to many others, did not have a separate army and navy. Yi commanded a frontier post on the Yalu River and fought the northern nomads before (A) appointing / being appointed as an admiral by the king. He knew that the greatest threat to Korea was a sea-borne invasion from Japan. He immediately began modifying the Korean fleet. Without Yi Sun-sin, who (B) won / has won every one of his 22 naval battles, Japan would certainly have conquered Korea. Some experts believe Japan could also have overcome China. And if the Japanese had conquered Korea, nothing could have stopped (C) them / themselves from annexing the Philippines.

	(A)		(B)		(C)
①	appointing	……	won	……	them
②	being appointed	……	has won	……	themselves
③	being appointed	……	has won	……	them
④	appointing	……	won	……	themselves
⑤	being appointed	……	won	……	them

11. A struggling actor walks into a zoo, looking for work. “The gorilla, one of our star attractions, is very sick,” says the manager. “I’ll pay you 300 dollars a day to (A) dress / dressing in this gorilla suit and pretend to be him.” The actor agrees and spends the next few minutes in a cage amusing visitors. But they soon grow bored and move on to the lion enclosure next door. (B) Desperation / Desperate to keep his new job, the actor climbs up the wall and dangles just out of the lion’s reach. This infuriates the lion but delights the visitors. The actor performs the stunt every day, (C) drawing / drawn huge crowds. Thrilled, the zoo manager increases his wage to 500 dollars. Then one day, the actor loses his grip and lands at the lion’s feet. It chases him round the cage until he starts screaming, “Help me! Help me!” The lion pounces. “Shut up, you fool,” it says. “Do you want to get us both fired?” [3점]

	(A)		(B)		(C)
①	dress	……	Desperation	……	drawing
②	dressing	……	Desperate	……	drawing
③	dress	……	Desperate	……	drawing
④	dressing	……	Desperation	……	drawn
⑤	dress	……	Desperation	……	drawn

[12～13] 다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것을 고르시오.

12. Our client is a man ① who has been in trouble for minor offenses, but I do not believe that he is a thief, which is why I feel comfortable ② defending him. He was in prison from 2005 to 2007, and according to all reports he was a person the other prisoners looked up to. Since he ③ released from prison in 2007, he has had a good employment record with the electronics company ④ where he has been working. The psychological reports on him show that when he was in prison he was a person the psychologists considered ⑤ well-balanced. For these reasons, I do not think he is guilty.

13. Nursing a newborn is no “small” feat for the whale, ① whose calf, after 10 to 12 months in the womb, emerges about a third of the mother’s length in size. The mother squirts milk into the newborn’s mouth using muscles around the mammary gland ② while the baby holds tight to a nipple. Whale milk contains around 10 times the fat content of human milk, which helps calves ③ achieve some serious growth ― the average calf grows as much as 200 pounds per day during its first year. So, what exactly would whale’s milk taste like? If you mix fish, liver, and castor oil, ④ which would be similar to what a calf happily slurps. ⑤ Unlike cow milk which generally contains 4∼6% fat, whale milk, like that of other marine mammals, has milk fat percentages in the 40∼65% range. In other words, it’s as fatty as soft butter. [3점]

* squirt (액체를) 뿜어내다

[14～18] 다음 글의 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오.

14. A scorpion’s sting can be deadly, but scientists are now discovering that the poison may be             . Researchers are using a man-made version of the venom of Israeli yellow scorpions to treat aggressive brain tumors that are hard to fully remove by surgery alone. A protein in the venom selectively binds itself to cancerous cells while bypassing surrounding healthy cells. Combined with radioactive iodine and injected into the body, the venom targets and destroys the offending cells. Early results show that the treatment is safe and extends life in some patients, so a larger study is now under way.

① critically fatal	② quickly analyzed	③ ironically life-saving

④ continuously generated	⑤ seriously intoxicating

15. You might have employees who mistake your criticism on being late too often as unfair or as picking on them. Here is a way to handle such accusations. Say to them, “I’m sorry you feel that way. Let’s imagine that you were the supervisor responsible for the success of this office. You have this situation where people who enter the office in the morning are not being treated as valued customers because the person who does such a good job of greeting them is not there early enough to do it. What would you do?” Chances are your employees will have nothing to say. If they make unreasonable suggestions, point out why they are unworkable. You will find that such a               is a good way to lead employees to admit their faults easily.

① simulated role reversal	② logically organized praise

③ virtually unknown anecdote	④ controlled paying system

⑤ customer assessment survey

16. Thaipusam is an annual Hindu festival which draws the largest gathering of people in multi-racial Malaysia. Several hundred devotees spear their cheeks with long, shiny steel rods ― often a meter long ― and pierce their chests and backs with small, hook-like needles in penance. Tourists watch in awe as metal pierces the skin, causing hardly any bleeding and, apparently, no pain as the devotee stands in a trance in the dawn light after weeks of rigorous abstinence. Over the years, curious British, American, and Australian medical experts have                 : some of them think the white ash smeared on the body, the juice squeezed from the yellow lime fruit, or the milk poured on the pierced areas may help to numb the skin. But most admit they have no answer.

① come to observe and speculate	② begun their construction projects

③ studied the origin of Thaipusam	④ tried to answer for mass bleeding

⑤ failed to participate in the festival

17. When your teen takes your car without your permission, it’s easy to fear the worst: driving today, illegal racing tomorrow, and drunken driving the next day. “You’ve got to remember the issue here is the driving, not the car,” says Teoh Hsien-jin, a clinical psychological consultant. He has a client who complained that her 17-year-old son wouldn’t talk to her anymore because she won’t let him use her car. “Saying ‘no’ only strengthens his desire to drive. Why not get him safe-driving lessons and have him pay for his own gas in exchange for permission to use your car,” says Teoh. According to him, such compromising helps you                         so it doesn’t get entangled in emotional issues.

① find a good insurance company	② face and solve the real problem

③ buy a car at a reasonable price	④ strengthen your teen’s desire

⑤ ban your teen from staying up late

18. In an orchestra, brass players are often told that                        . Brass instruments are made of yards of tubing, coiled up like snakes. If you unrolled all the tubing in a typical French horn, for example, it would be seventeen feet in length. That’s as long as three adults of average height standing on each other’s shoulders! As you blow into a brass instrument, your air enters the tubing, snakes all the way through its length, deposits some spit on the inside of the instrument, and emerges as a sound at the other end. That’s bound to take some time. No wonder the sound comes out a bit late. Good brass players often find that they need to compensate for this time lag to avoid playing behind the other musicians.  [3점]

① their instruments need to be replaced more often

② they should play earlier than the other players

③ their instruments resemble animal shapes

④ they should not avoid the other players

⑤ they have to purchase expensive brass

19. 다음 글의 빈칸 (A), (B)에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?

My very clever border collie, Smudge, was terrified of cats.     (A)    , Smudge and I used to spend the occasional weekend with a friend who had a very large cat named Tiger. One morning we were having breakfast out on his deck, which had stairs leading down to the garden. Tiger was sitting at the top of the stairs and Smudge was down in the garden pondering his dilemma: how was he going to get past the cat and join the breakfast party? Smudge came up with the most amazing solution: he came up the stairs     (B)    , all 18 of them, and managed to sneak past Tiger. ‘If I can’t see him,’ Smudge must have figured, ‘he can’t see me!’

	(A)		(B)
①	Nonetheless	……	backwards
②	Nonetheless	……	forwards
③	Therefore	……	backwards
④	Therefore	……	forwards
⑤	Occasionally	……	forwards

[20～21] 다음 글의 주제로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오.

20. All of us are plagued with a number of small necessities of daily life that must be completed in the near future. Examples of these are paying bills, shopping, housework, yard work, minor repairs, and making telephone calls. Doing these tasks in a random fashion is one sure way to work more and accomplish less. One way to improve your effectiveness is to run several errands at one time. Go to the supermarket, bank, car wash, and gas station in one trip. Combine several household chores if possible. Save up your bills and pay them all at a certain time each month. Try to make telephone calls and write letters in batches. It will prevent the minor things in your life from hindering your accomplishment of major goals.

① a tip for setting long-term goals

② the importance of sharing housework

③ the need to organize financial matters

④ skills needed to shop for daily necessities

⑤ an efficient way to deal with minor tasks

21. Some researchers believe they have found a way to detect the severity of an oncoming flood in any given location using data from the area’s network of cell towers. But this method doesn’t make use of human to human communications; instead, it revolves around measuring humidity in the air. The radio/micro waves from cell phones and cell towers are directly affected by the amount of moisture in the air, so by analyzing trends in signal strength, an accurate reading of the atmosphere’s humidity around the tower can be taken. By relaying this signal back to researchers when a flood-causing storm is likely to occur, they can attempt to predict the magnitude of the event within specific geographic areas.

* cell tower 무선 중계탑

① predicting the scale of floods using cell towers

② analyzing weather influences on emotions

③ controlling humidity with radio waves

④ gaining weather data on major cities

⑤ connecting people using cell phones

22. 다음 도표의 내용과 일치하지 않는 문장은?

The above graphs illustrate the number of countries and athletes that participated in the Summer Olympic Games between 1988 and 2008. ① The graph on the left shows that the number of countries that participated steadily increased between 1988 and 2008. ② In 1988, more than 8,000 athletes participated in the Seoul Olympics but in 2008 there were more than 10,000 athletes in the Beijing Olympics. ③ In comparison to other years, there was a dramatic increase in the number of participating countries between 1992 and 1996. ④ In 2004, on average, more than 600 athletes per country participated in the Athens Olympics. ⑤ Finally, compared to the five other events, the 2000 Sydney Olympics saw the most athletes compete.

[23～24] 다음 글의 제목으로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오.

23. One of the biggest problems that people have with selling is that it seems less important than it did twenty years ago. Historically, the quickest way to the top was through sales. These days selling is perceived as one of the lesser business skills. People are more likely to believe that the quickest way to the top is through management training. There is some truth to this, but to presume that management skills are more important than sales skills is a dangerous form of self-deception. I haven’t met one single CEO of a major corporation who didn’t pride himself on his powers of persuasion ― in other words, his salesmanship. Business schools admit that their purpose is to train managers, thereby almost overlooking the fact that if there are no sales there is nothing to manage.

① You Can’t Learn Managing Skills at School

② Selling Skills Aren’t Recognized Enough

③ Good Managers Always Think Big

④ We Always Learn from the Past

⑤ Management Skills Are Evolving

24. In 1880, Samuel Plimsoll of the United Kingdom submitted a bill to Parliament insisting that a line be drawn around the outside of the hull on all British ships. When the ships were loaded with freight and reached the level where the line hit the water, the ships were not allowed to load any more freight. This marking on a ship’s hull became known as the Plimsoll line. Human beings also have their own Plimsoll lines, and although they are invisible, they are usually located right under our noses. Remember there are times when you just have to refuse to do a task at your work. You don’t have to feel guilty. The task can then be reassigned and another person could handle it as efficiently as you could. When you feel your Plimsoll line starting to go under, it’s time to let go of your freight.

① Load Your Brains with Wisdom

② Be Negative: Avoid Imagination

③ Say No: Don’t Overload Yourself

④ Draw a Line: Dreams And Desires

⑤ Build Your Own Unique Self-Image

[25～27] 다음 글의 요지로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오.

25. In Europe, the number of car journeys made has been rising, particularly since the 1990s, and currently twenty one million car journeys are made per year ― a figure that will rise to thirty one million by 2025. Governments across the world are considering how to combat these trends, coming to the conclusion that road tolling is the only solution. Road tolling is vital to solving the problem of congestion, for it is only through this way that motorists will realize the true social costs of their demands on the environment and make an informed decision about whether or not to pay the tolls. When applying a road tolling system, we should make it account for the route and time of day traveled rather than simply for the distance traveled. That way, commuters would choose to use alternative routes at more expensive peak times, and thus the load of journeys would be spread across several routes.

① 도로 통행료를 부과하여 교통 체증을 해결해야 한다.

② 교통 사고에 대한 국제적인 대응책을 마련해야 한다.

③ 출퇴근 시간 이외에도 도로 통행료를 징수해야 한다.

④ 도로 통행료를 징수할 때 주행거리를 배제해야 한다.

⑤ 교통 신호 체계를 변경하여 교통 체증을 방지해야 한다.

26. For native English speakers living in Korea, things written in English by Koreans are sometimes lost in translation, especially, in restaurants. Take Juk for example. Most restaurant menus describe the dish as “Korean oatmeal mixed with seafood or meat.” So, for many years I avoided Juk as if it were the plague. The problem is that the first half of the translation brings to mind the image of western oatmeal, which is generally mixed with sugar and cinnamon and tastes a bit like glue, while the second half of the translation makes me imagine adding some kind of seafood or meat to it. It just doesn’t sound good when you imagine it like that, does it? Now, despite that image, I admit that when my Korean friend eventually forced me to try Juk, I did find it delicious. The key, therefore, to attracting foreign customers to Korean restaurants, is a well-described menu.	* Juk 죽

① With more ingredients in it, Juk can be more popular.

② The most difficult problem for foreigners in Korea is food.

③ Juk became a world-famous dish thanks to its good translation.

④ Some foreigners avoid Juk because it tastes like western oatmeal.

⑤ Imprecise translations can lead to misconceptions about Korean food.

27. There are many situations where people get seriously injured and need blood. In these medical emergencies, securing real blood for transfusion is not easy. Recently, a group of scientists have developed a molecule made from polymer (plastic). It is similar in size and shape to hemoglobin and mimics the red protein responsible for transporting oxygen into the bloodstream. The idea of pumping plastic into the bloodstream sounds unsafe, but according to the scientists, the polymer component is likely to be ignored by the body’s immune system. Although confined to lab experiments at the moment, if proven successful in humans, plastic blood ― which is not blood-type dependent ― may be used on the battle field or in emergencies where quick replacement of blood loss would save lives. [3점]

① Blood made from plastic could be lethal as polymers are harmful to the human body.

② Plastic blood can potentially save many lives once it becomes available to humans.

③ Hemoglobin is the polymer which is the main component of artificial blood.

④ Artificial blood cannot be used as it is attacked by the immune system.

⑤ Soldiers play an important role in current blood donation campaigns.

[28～29] (A), (B), (C)의 각 네모 안에서 문맥에 맞는 낱말로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오.

28. Sponsoring a child in an underdeveloped country through charitable donations is a great way to make a big difference in the life of the child. This type of sponsorship doesn’t involve just a one-off gift, but rather a long-term (A) commitment / commandment to making monthly donations. Over the years even ten dollars a month can eventually add up to thousands of dollars. Sponsoring a child means that you can actually (B) perceive / disregard the real impact of your money. For example, your donations may allow a child to go to school, pay for medical expenses and provide basic necessities. Furthermore, because the charity sends pictures and reports of these things, you can be assured that your donations are going to the child and not to the (C) overhead / overpass costs of the charity. [3점]

	(A)		(B)		(C)
①	commitment	……	perceive	……	overhead
②	commitment	……	disregard	……	overhead
③	commitment	……	perceive	……	overpass
④	commandment	……	disregard	……	overpass
⑤	commandment	……	perceive	……	overpass

29. Unused appliances, like cell-phone chargers, coffee makers, and microwave ovens that quietly (A) absorb / observe electricity when left plugged into sockets, are called “Vampire Electronics.” An estimated 5% of U.S. electricity ― or four billion dollars a year ― is wasted by appliances on standby mode, and that figure could rise to 20% by 2010. Recently (B) legislators / manipulators passed the Vampire Slayers Act, which details how much energy certain appliances can use. In order to comply with the Act, individuals can cut down on their energy consumption by investing in energy-efficient appliances or new technologies that closely (C) motivate / monitor their homes’ energy use. [3점]

	(A)		(B)		(C)
①	absorb	……	legislators	……	motivate
②	absorb	……	legislators	……	monitor
③	absorb	……	manipulators	……	motivate
④	observe	……	manipulators	……	motivate
⑤	observe	……	legislators	……	monitor

[30～31] 주어진 글 다음에 이어질 글의 순서로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오.

30.

When you first arrive at a large party, the host or hostess may introduce you to two or three people nearby.

(A) Almost anyone will feel flattered that you turned to him/her for help and will gladly take you under his/her wing, introducing you to other guests and easing your discomfort.

(B) However, if he/she leaves you after a moment to return to the door and greet other guests, you are expected to go on by yourself, moving freely from group to group.

(C) If this abandonment makes you feel too uncomfortable or frightened, it is quite all right to say to someone else: “I am a stranger here. Could you introduce me to some of these people?”

① (A) ― (C) ― (B)	② (B) ― (A) ― (C)

③ (B) ― (C) ― (A)	④ (C) ― (A) ― (B)

⑤ (C) ― (B) ― (A)

31.

My daughter has a cat she loves dearly. Recently, after much consideration, my daughter decided to replace the food that she had been feeding her cat with a new and more nutritious brand of cat food.

(A) Certainly, the cat food company could have ignored the letter of one small girl. Instead, the company responded by sending her additional information which explained that although each packet was small it was full of high quality protein and vitamins, and was thus a healthy meal.

(B) When she opened the new cat food she was surprised to discover that the individually wrapped cat-meals within looked quite small. She became concerned there was not enough food per packet, so she wrote a letter to the company.

(C) This explanation by the company resulted in my daughter becoming a devoted customer of this particular brand of cat food. This is the very reason companies engage in customer problem resolution: they hope to convert dissatisfied customers into loyal followers of their brands.

① (A) ― (C) ― (B)	② (B) ― (A) ― (C)

③ (B) ― (C) ― (A)	④ (C) ― (A) ― (B)

⑤ (C) ― (B) ― (A)

32. 다음 글의 내용과 John Frazier에 관한 설명이 일치하는 것은?

Dear Sir/Madam,

I am writing this, on behalf of my client John Frazier of 132 Park Drive, to inform you of the following events: On December 21 of 2008, your company installed a new heating system in the Frazier family’s residence. Three days after the installation, Mr. Frazier called your company, H&H Heating, and informed your representative Mr. Barry Hutch of a burning smell coming from the vicinity of the new heating unit. Mr. Hutch assured my client that the smell was common with new units and that there was nothing to worry about. On December 25, while the Fraziers were away from home, the Nanaimo Fire Department responded to a fire at Mr. Frazier’s house. Investigators later determined that the source of that fire was the newly installed heating unit. Details of this investigation can be obtained from the fire department.

•     •     •

① 난방시스템 설치 일주일 후 이상을 발견했다.

② 냄새를 맡은 후 회사의 담당자를 집으로 불렀다.

③ 냄새에 대해 걱정할 필요가 없다는 답변을 들었다.

④ 성탄절에 집에 있는 동안 화재가 발생했다.

⑤ 난방시스템 설치회사로부터 화재의 원인을 들었다.

33. oak에 관한 다음 글의 내용과 일치하지 않는 것은?

Human beings have long been admirers of the oak. The term “Druidism,” which is the name of an old Celtic religion, means “an oak tree of knowledge.” In modern days, the oak is a common symbol of strength and endurance and has been chosen as the national tree of England, France, Germany, Poland, and the United States. Oak leaves also symbolize rank in the US Armed Forces. In addition, oaks produce durable, tough wood and are therefore important lumber trees. The wood is used in furniture and barrel making and as flooring. Corks are made from the thick, soft bark of the Cork Oak, which grows in the Mediterranean region. As the oak is usually not as fast-growing as poplar or other trees, it is more often planted in public parks and gardens than in private yards.

① 옛 켈트족 종교의 이름과 연관이 있다.

② 일부 국가의 국가 나무로 지정되었다.

③ 나뭇잎은 군인의 계급을 상징하기도 한다.

④ 가구나 통의 재료 및 바닥재로 사용된다.

⑤ 다른 나무보다 빨리 자라서 공원에 심어진다.

34. 다음 글에 나타난 필자의 의견과 일치하지 않는 것은?

Lend money to a friend, and you’re liable to lose both. But when someone close hits you up for a loan, it can be tough to say no. First of all, consider your own financial condition. If you can’t afford to give the money away, you can’t afford to lend it. Next, get it in writing. For big amounts, a repayment schedule helps to legitimize the loan. It not only protects the lender, but also makes the recipient more comfortable, so neither sees the loan as charity. Should you charge interest? It’s not mandatory, and may have tax implications. But if your money would be earning 5% on a term deposit, charge the same 5%.

① 친구에게 돈을 빌려 주면 친구와 돈을 모두 잃을 수 있다.

② 돈을 빌려 줄 때 먼저 당신의 경제적 상황을 고려하라.

③ 빌려주는 돈의 액수가 클 때는 문서로 상환 계획을 받아라.

④ 기부금이라는 인상을 주어 채무자를 편하게 하라.

⑤ 채무자에게 적정 수준의 이자를 요구할 수 있다

[35～36] 글의 흐름으로 보아, 주어진 문장이 들어가기에 가장 적절한 곳을 고르시오.

35.

Moreover, the swamps provided perfect breeding grounds for mosquitos, which brought deadly malaria with them.

In the eastern Mediterranean, Ephesus once was the most important seaport of the Roman Empire. But within 600 years of Roman occupation, Ephesus became a ghost town. The Romans upset the balance of Nature, which led to the downfall of the city. ( ① ) The Romans cleared a massive area of forest located around the city to make way for more crops, which eventually cut off the city of Ephesus from the sea forever. ( ② ) With the rainfall not being broken by the forest, water brought away the fertile topsoil with it, and it dumped the soil near the coast. ( ③ ) As more and more of this sediment built up, the city was cut off from the sea, which was a disaster for the seaport. ( ④ ) Now, there were only massive swamps where once seawater had come in freely. ( ⑤ ) As huge numbers of Ephesians died of the disease, the Empire couldn’t hold the land, so it abandoned the city, leaving all the great temples and monuments behind.

36.

In addition, if you insist on a grass diet, you may end up in the dental clinic.

You may wonder if you can eat grass instead of the bowl of lettuce you are munching on. ( ① ) In principle, people can eat grass; it is non-toxic and edible. ( ② ) However, since human stomachs have difficulty digesting raw grass, grass is not a practical food source. ( ③ ) Animals such as cows, on the other hand, have specialized stomachs with four chambers to aid in the digestion of grass. ( ④ ) The reason for this is that grass contains a lot of silica, which quickly wears down teeth. ( ⑤ ) Grazing animals, unlike humans, have teeth that grow continually.

37. 다음 글의 내용을 한 문장으로 요약하고자 한다. 빈칸 (A)와 (B)에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?

A group of scientists have tracked changes in body weight and behavior among sheep since 1985. In their study, they found that something strange is happening. According to classic evolutionary theory, the sheep should have been getting bigger, because large sheep tend to be more likely to survive and reproduce than smaller ones, and offspring tend to resemble their parents. However, the researchers actually found the sheep have been decreasing in size for the last 25 years. As the winters get shorter and warmer, lambs do not need to put on as much weight as they did in previous times in order to survive their first year of life. This also means that smaller and slower-growing lambs now have a chance of surviving and producing offspring that are not as big as the other lambs at birth. Therefore, the fact that the mean size of sheep has been affected shows how closely ecological and evolutionary processes are intertwined.

□

It was reported that the sheep’s     (A)     has changed over time because of the rise of      (B)     in winter.

	(A)		(B)			(A)		(B)
①	size	……	temperature		②	size	……	humidity
③	habitat	……	temperature		④	weight	……	crop prices
⑤	habitat	……	humidity

[38～39] 두 사람의 대립된 의견을 읽고, 물음에 답하시오.

Person A There is a pressing need for reform of the way the United Nations (UN) raises military missions. The present system takes months to put forces in the field, and these forces are often inadequate to the tasks at hand as member states sometimes pledge fewer troops than are requested. This has meant the UN has often acted too late, with too little force, and has thereby failed to avert humanitarian disasters in such places as Central Africa, Bosnia, Sierra Leone, and Somalia. A permanent UN standing army would be able to react rapidly to control crises before they turn into full-scale wars and humanitarian disasters.

Person B In many cases UN missions are very successful; when there are problems these are more to do with issues like lengthy and difficult Security Council deliberations, and inadequate mandates rather than with how long it takes to gather a force together. Once a standing army exists, it would provide the UN with an easy way out in any crisis, so force may be more likely to be used, often inappropriately. Also, a very rapid response time may deprive the parties concerned of the opportunity to solve the problems by themselves. Currently the time it takes to gather and insert a UN force might provide a period in which the warring groups feel compelled to                before outside intervention becomes a reality.

38. UN에 관한 두 글의 핵심 쟁점으로 가장 적절한 것은?

① 사무총장의 권한

② 상비군의 필요성

③ 분담금의 중요성

④ 전후 복구 사업 지원

⑤ 안전보장 이사회의 구성

39. Person B의 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?

① build more schools

② select new presidents

③ negotiate with each other

④ assist developing countries

⑤ declare war against each other

[40～41] 다음 글을 읽고, 물음에 답하시오.

For a long time scientists and engineers have struggled to fulfill their vision of man-like machines ― with little success. Human reasoning is simply too complex to imitate with current technology. (   ①   ) The human eye alone has more processing power than the world’s most powerful supercomputers. (   ②   ) The progress of developing robots with artificial intelligence has been so slow that during the late-1980s many American companies, which had formed divisions to build and sell advanced robots, abandoned their efforts. (   ③   ) Not long ago, though, a few far-seeing scientists and engineers began to believe it was the old dream of creating machines in man’s image that had caused so much trouble. (   ④   ) If a robot were modeled after some other kind of living creature, they reasoned, perhaps it would be more functional and easier to build. (   ⑤   ) Insects accomplish all this with small brains. The brain of an insect with an above-average IQ carries about as much computing power as a personal computer.

40. 위 글의 흐름으로 보아, 다음 글이 들어가기에 가장 적절한 곳은?

This led them to focus on insects. Insects work tirelessly, perform their chores flawlessly, and have super strength in relation to their size. Some species, such as honeybees and army ants, when working in large colonies, can perform complex tasks such as building hives and waging war.

41. 위 글의 제목으로 가장 적절한 것은?

① Can Insects Outsurvive Human Beings?

② When Will the Era of Super Robots Come?

③ Why Can’t Robots Excel over Human Beings?

④ Can We Eliminate Harmful Insects with Robots?

⑤ Why Are Future Robots Modeled After Insects?

[42～43] 다음 글을 읽고, 물음에 답하시오.

My mother is the only person to whom I write in Chinese. She was born and reared in China, and it is only because of her that her four American-born children know any Chinese at all. Although we can converse in her language, our fluency is elementary. Our literacy is even less than that.

Unlike many other Chinese of my generation born in the United States, I was not formally schooled in the Chinese language as a child. My mother enrolled my older brother and sister in a Chinese school for six years, where they studied Chinese speech, reading, and writing two hours everyday after attending regular American public school.     (A)     her efforts, the two oldest children never used and consequently never retained what they learned, so my mother decided against the expense of such schooling for her two younger daughters. Both of us later studied Chinese in college.

Written messages are not necessary since I see my mother frequently, but I try to communicate to her through the written form of her language. Even though I am a professional writer, I can never write a poem or an eloquent piece of prose to my mom either in Chinese, or in English. Throughout my school years, it often made me sad to know that my mother, a product of a different, faraway world, did not even think, let alone read and write, in the same language as I.     (B)    , I do write to her, even if I only write short notes to accompany my gifts to her or post cards whenever I am out of town.

There is some pleasure in writing Chinese characters. For me, though, the writing is also woefully slow and tedious. I must look up every character in my English-Chinese dictionary. A stroke or a dot deleted or misplaced or misdirected would change the entire word. And to my mother, such an error is inexcusable. I know only a handful of Chinese characters by heart ― among them are the three words I love you, the words that please us the most.

42. 위 글의 빈칸 (A), (B)에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?

	(A)		(B)
①	In addition to	……	Nevertheless
②	In addition to	……	Otherwise
③	In spite of	……	Nevertheless
④	In spite of	……	Otherwise
⑤	In spite of	……	Moreover

43. 위 글의 내용과 일치하는 것은?

① 필자의 어머니는 미국에서 태어났다.

② 필자와 필자의 남매는 중국에서 태어났다.

③ 필자는 대학에서 중국어를 배우지 않았다.

④ 필자는 어머니를 자주 만나지 못한다.

⑤ 필자는 중국어로 글을 쓸 때 사전을 봐야 한다.

[44～45] 다음 글을 읽고, 물음에 답하시오.

(A)

In the early 1950s, a well-known chemist named Clair Patterson became interested in lead. In the course of his work, he established that there were significant levels of lead in the atmosphere. He believed about 90 percent of the lead came from automobile exhaust pipes, but couldn’t prove it.

(B)

In fact, a dean who was in charge of Patterson’s college at that time was offered a chair at one of their companies on the condition that Patterson got sent packing. Despite such obstacles, Patterson never wavered or buckled. Eventually his efforts led to the introduction of the Clean Air Act of 1970 and finally to a ban on sales of all leaded gasoline in the United States in 1986. Almost immediately lead levels in the blood of Americans fell by 80 percent. But because lead never goes away, those of us alive today have about 625 times more lead in our blood than people did a century ago.

(C)

He then made it his life’s quest to get lead taken out of gasoline. To that end, he became a constant and often vocal critic of the lead industry and its interests. It would prove to be a hellish campaign. The companies that sold the lead-containing gasoline were powerful global corporations with many friends in high places. Patterson suddenly found research funding withdrawn or difficult to acquire. The college he worked for was also repeatedly pressed by lead industry representatives to shut him up or let him go.

(D)

Eventually, it occurred to him that ice in Greenland could provide the answer. He started to analyze the ice in Greenland which had been piled up for thousands of years. Finally, he could work out global lead concentrations for any period of time within thousands of years. What Patterson found was that before 1923, when lead was first added to gasoline, there was almost no lead in the atmosphere, and that since then its level had climbed steadily and dangerously.

44. 위 글 (A)에 이어질 내용을 순서에 맞게 배열한 것으로 가장 적절한 것은? [3점]

① (B) ― (D) ― (C)	② (C) ― (B) ― (D)	③ (C) ― (D) ― (B)

④ (D) ― (B) ― (C)	⑤ (D) ― (C) ― (B)

45. 다음 중 위 글의 Patterson에 관한 내용과 일치하는 것은? [3점]

① 공기 중 납의 대부분이 공장에서 배출되었다고 생각했다.

② 대학에서 사퇴하는 조건으로 일자리 제안을 받았다.

③ 공기 청정법의 부작용에 대해 폭로하였다.

④ 근무하던 대학이 기업으로부터 압력을 받았다.

⑤ 그린란드의 나무를 채취해 분석 자료로 사용했다.